Summary about Disease
Hip bursitis is inflammation of the bursae (fluid-filled sacs) that cushion the hip joint. This inflammation causes pain and stiffness in the hip, often radiating to the outer thigh. Greater trochanteric bursitis (affecting the bursa over the bony prominence on the outside of the hip) is the most common type. Ischial bursitis affects the bursa near the sit bone and can cause pain in the buttock.
Symptoms
Pain on the outside of the hip, thigh, or buttock.
Pain that is worse with activity, prolonged sitting, or lying on the affected side.
Sharp, intense pain early on, which may become a dull ache.
Stiffness in the hip.
Tenderness to the touch over the affected area.
Pain that may radiate down the leg.
Causes
Repetitive motions (running, cycling, climbing stairs).
Overuse.
Trauma to the hip (fall, blow to the hip).
Incorrect posture.
Muscle imbalances.
Spinal problems (scoliosis, arthritis of the lower back).
Leg length inequality.
Rheumatoid arthritis.
Bone spurs.
Previous hip surgery.
Medicine Used
Pain relievers: Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin).
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Prescription-strength NSAIDs may be prescribed for pain and inflammation.
Corticosteroid injections: A corticosteroid medication injected directly into the bursa can reduce inflammation and pain.
Antibiotics: If the bursitis is caused by an infection (septic bursitis), antibiotics will be prescribed.
Is Communicable
No, hip bursitis is not communicable. It is not caused by a virus or bacteria that can be spread from person to person (unless the extremely rare case of septic bursitis).
Precautions
Avoid activities that aggravate the pain.
Use proper form when exercising.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Stretch and strengthen hip muscles regularly.
Use orthotics if you have leg length inequality.
Avoid prolonged sitting or standing.
Warm up before exercise and cool down afterward.
Maintain good posture.
How long does an outbreak last?
The duration of a hip bursitis outbreak varies. With conservative treatment (rest, ice, pain relievers), symptoms may improve within a few weeks. More severe cases or those that don't respond to conservative treatment may take several months to resolve. Chronic bursitis can persist for longer periods.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical examination: A doctor will examine the hip for tenderness, range of motion, and pain reproduction with specific movements.
Medical history: The doctor will ask about symptoms, activities, and medical conditions.
Imaging tests:
X-rays: May be used to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis or bone problems.
MRI: Provides detailed images of the soft tissues and can help confirm the diagnosis of bursitis and rule out other causes of hip pain.
Ultrasound: Can be used to visualize the bursa and guide injections.
Timeline of Symptoms
The timeline can vary.
Initial Stage: Sharp pain that intensifies with movement, often described as stabbing.
Intermediate Stage: Pain may evolve into a more persistent ache or throbbing, and may radiate down the thigh. Stiffness may develop.
Chronic Stage: Pain can become a constant background ache, with flare-ups triggered by activity. Range of motion may be limited. If left untreated, symptoms can wax and wane for months or even years.
Important Considerations
Hip bursitis can often be managed effectively with conservative treatment.
Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent chronic pain and disability.
Physical therapy can play an important role in strengthening the hip muscles and improving flexibility.
If conservative treatment fails, other options, such as corticosteroid injections or surgery, may be considered.
It's important to address underlying causes, such as muscle imbalances or poor posture, to prevent recurrence.
Septic bursitis (infection of the bursa) is rare but serious and requires immediate medical attention.